Yamazakia viscosa

Overview

Yamazakia viscosa is a weed plant that is known to be widespread in Tropical Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam), the Indian region (Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andaman and Nicobar Islands), Maharashtra, Karnataka, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh Bihar, Goa, Meghalaya, Manipur, West Benga), Nepal.  This species is a plant that is widely used by the Batak tribe in North Sumatra as a traditional medicine, where the leaves are trusted and used by the community to treat various health problems, one of which is to treat alogo-alogo (malnutrition) which is characterized by a thin body, pale face, flatulence, and fever at night.

Vernacular Names

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Agroecology

Yamazakia viscosa can generally be found growing on the edge of the forest, the side of the road from the lowlands to an altitude of 500 m above sea level.  Sometimes also found growing in swamps and damp shady places.  However, it is rarely found in wetlands.  In the Himalayas, this plant grows in places at an altitude of 900-1300 m above sea level.

Morphology

• Roots - fibers, rooted in the lower nodes.
• Stems - with few branches, branching from near the base. Branches are rectangular and contain glandular hairs.
• Leaves - single and arranged opposite the leaves on the stem at the base, the strands are ovoid, oval-oval or ovoid breech, measuring 2−3.5 × 1−2 cm with the base slowly narrowing to the stalk, blunt tip, while the leaves of the stem tip ovate-lanceolate to broad, measuring 1−2 × 0.4−1.2 cm, sparsely hairy on both surfaces, pinnately veined, edges wavy and toothed.
• Flowers - arranged in a bunch-type arrangement and emerging from the tip of the stem, each flower on a slender stalk 4−8 mm long.  Flowers with a single symmetry, five-lobed petals and deep almost to the base, hairy.  The crown is divided into 5 lobes, white, modified segments into upper and lower lips, white lower lip with yellow spots on the mouth.  There are 4 stamens and all of them are fertile, the ovary is surrounded by a yellow flower disc.
• Fruits - capsule type with ovate to spherical shape, length and width ranging from 2.5 to 3.6 mm, almost the same length or shorter than the petals that do not fall off, glabrous, with many seeds.
• Seeds - short oval or cylindrical in shape and small in size, the surface with many protrusions, rough, straw colored.

Cultivation

Propagated by seeds.

Chemical Constituents

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Traditional Medicinal Uses

• Treating disorders of the digestive tract, kidneys, and logos (malnutrition).